利用反预报方法从截面预言近滴线丰质子核的结合能

在Origin等数据处理软件中,当实验数据较少时,自由参数的不同初始化设置会导致较大的结果差异,这为物理结果的确定带来较大不确定性.通过最小二乘法分析了345MeV/u ~(78) Kr+~9Be反应中产生的丰质子同位素的截面和结合能,并得到线性回归方程.通过回归方程,利用结合能预报部分丰质子核素的截面,以及通过实验截面对近质子滴线核素的结合能进行反预报测量.这对于近质子滴线的丰质子核素实验测量具有较好的借鉴意义.     

Lattice Solid/Boltzmann Microscopic Model to Simulate Solid/Fluid Systems-A Tool to Study Creation of Fluid Flow Networks for Viable Deep Geothermal Energy

SUMMARY:Realizing the potential of geothermal energy as a cheap, green, sustainable resource to provide for the planet’s future energy demands that a key geophysical problem be solved first:how to deve...     

3维Maxwell方程局部1维多辛格式的能量恒等式

在理想导体边界条件下,对3维Maxwell方程的局部1维多辛Preissman格式的能量守恒性质进行研究.运用能量分析法推导了2个能量恒等式,这些恒等式说明了给出的格式在所定义的离散范数下是能量守恒和无条件稳定的,数值算例验证了结论的正确性.     

机械制造对称性概念体系及其应用思路

为系统探索机械制造对称性对零件制造的指导作用,对现有机械制造工艺对称性概念体系进行扩展和完善,提出了按照物质对称性、信息对称性和能量对称性进行分类的机械制造对称性概念体系及层次结构。探讨了物质对称性、信息对称性及能量对称性在零件制造中的应用思路与方法。     

微观剩余油赋存状态的矿物学机制探讨——以鄂尔多斯盆地中部中‒低渗砂岩储层为例

针对现阶段微观剩余油研究中可视化精度低、微观剩余油与矿物之间的依存关系不明确以及形态分类描述不完善等问题, 利用岩芯观察、铸体薄片分析、X射线衍射分析等手段, 以场发射环境扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)图像为基础资料, 联合能谱(EDS)分析资料, 研究鄂尔多斯盆地中部长2油层组和长9油层组的微观剩余油分布规律, 并探讨剩余油赋存状态的矿物学机制。结果表明, 微观剩余油的赋存状态由孔隙的大小和形态以及与孔隙相接触的边缘矿物的性质共同决定, 不同类型孔隙对剩余油的赋存能力取决于孔隙边缘矿物的形态、表面粗糙程度、比重和润湿性等物理化学性质。据此, 可将微观剩余油分为残留油团、半自由油岛、半自由油雾、半自由微油团和束缚油5个类型。     

峰值电量约束下的场桥能耗最小化问题研究

随着化石能源的大量使用带来的环境污染问题日益严峻,关注能源使用效率的集装箱港口绿色化运营研究成为近年来的热点之一.本文以集装箱堆场中需要执行预倒箱作业的场桥为研究对象,考虑场桥不同运行状态下的单位时间电量需求不同以及峰值电量实时约束,建立了以总能耗最小化为目标的多场桥调度问题的混合整数规划数学模型.继而,将关键变量利用非连续贝和连续贝两种不同的方式进行编码,将次级变量利用启发式规则进行解码,并设计了相对应的遗传算法交叉与变异方法.数值实验表明,连续贝编码方法表现更为优异;通过与Cplex在小规模算例中的比较,与粒子群算法及人工蜂群算法在大规模算例中的比较,验证了所设计遗传算法的有效性.同时,通过与传统策略的对比,表明本模型可以同时实现能耗总需求与峰值需求两方面的优化,从而可以为港口管理人员在不影响既定日常运营工作的前提下降低能源成本提供科学有效的指导.     

人工智能消费场景中的女性性别歧视

人类社会正快速步入人工智能时代,人们无时无刻不处于人工智能消费场景中。人工智能不仅是一个技术问题,更是一个道德问题。然而,貌似客观中立的人工智能技术并未带来预想的性别平等,反而造成女性性别歧视现象丛生,招致越来越多的批评与抗议。人工智能与大数据是人类社会的镜像,虚拟世界出现问题,病根在人类世界。因此,构建机器伦理,加强行业自律,推进人工智能立法,增强女性在人工智能行业中的话语权,让男女平等观念深入到虚拟世界与机器世界,方是根治人工智能消费场景中女性性别歧视的善治之道。     

Spatial dependence model with feature difference

This paper presents a new spatial dependence model with an adjustment of feature difference. The model accounts for the spatial autocorrelation in both the outcome variables and residuals. The feature difference adjustment in the model helps to emphasize feature changes across neighboring units, while suppressing unobserved covariates that are present in the same neighborhood. The prediction at a given unit incorporates components that depend on the differences between the values of its main features and those of its neighboring units. In contrast to conventional spatial regression models, our model does not require a comprehensive list of global covariates necessary to estimate the outcome variable at the unit, as common macro-level covariates are differenced away in the regression analysis. Using the real estate market data in Hong Kong, we applied Gibbs sampling to determine the posterior distribution of each model parameter. The result of our empirical analysis confirms that the adjustment of feature difference with an inclusion of the spatial error autocorrelation produces better out-of-sample prediction performance than other conventional spatial dependence models. In addition, our empirical analysis can identify components with more significant contributions.     

Forecasting under model uncertainty: Non-homogeneous hidden Markov models with Pòlya-Gamma data augmentation

We consider finite state-space non-homogeneous hidden Markov models for forecasting univariate time series. Given a set of predictors, the time series are modeled via predictive regressions with state-dependent coefficients and time-varying transition probabilities that depend on the predictors via a logistic/multinomial function. In a hidden Markov setting, inference for logistic regression coefficients becomes complicated and in some cases impossible due to convergence issues. In this paper, we aim to address this problem utilizing the recently proposed Pólya-Gamma latent variable scheme. Also, we allow for model uncertainty regarding the predictors that affect the series both linearly — in the mean — and non-linearly — in the transition matrix. Predictor selection and inference on the model parameters are based on an automatic Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme with reversible jump steps. Hence the proposed methodology can be used as a black box for predicting time series. Using simulation experiments, we illustrate the performance of our algorithm in various setups, in terms of mixing properties, model selection and predictive ability. An empirical study on realized volatility data shows that our methodology gives improved forecasts compared to benchmark models.     

Shift-contagion in energy markets and global crisis

This paper presents an analysis of shift-contagion in energy markets, testing whether linkages between returns in energy markets increase during crisis periods. The research presented herein demonstrates how common movement between energy markets increases due to (i) shift-contagion across energy markets, reflected by structural transmission of shocks across markets and (ii) larger common shocks operating through standard cross-market interdependences. A regime-switching model was developed to detect shift-contagion across energy markets. In the approach adopted herein, the occurrence of shift-contagion is endogenously estimated rather than being exogenously assigned. The results show that shift-contagion has been a major feature of energy markets over the last decade. Evidence is presented which demonstrates that the linkages between energy markets do not appear to be stable. These results are remarkably accurate for forecasting Brent and natural gas for horizons for up to 50 days. Conversely, for WTI (West Texas Intermediate oil) and coal, the model performs well only for forecasting very short horizons (up to 20 days). For all products, the model shows significant biases for long horizons.